1. write down the name of the functional group for the following homologpus series: \( \begin{array}{ll}\text { a. ketones } & \text { (1) } \\ \text { b. alcohols } & \text { (1) } \\ \text { c. carboxilic acids } & \text { (1) } \\ \text { d. aldehydes } & \text { (1) } \\ \text { 2. write down the general formula for the following homologous series: } \\ \text { a. Alkanes } & \text { (1) } \\ \text { b. Alkenes } & \text { (1) } \\ \text { c. Alkynes } & \text { (1) }\end{array} \)

Ketones contain the carbonyl functional group (C=O) located between two alkyl groups. Alcohols have the hydroxyl functional group (-OH), which makes them polar and able to form hydrogen bonds. Carboxylic acids have the carboxyl functional group (-COOH) that gives them their acidic properties. Aldehydes also feature the carbonyl group, but it's positioned at the end of the carbon chain, giving aldehydes their unique identity. For the general formulas: Alkanes follow the formula CₙH₂ₙ₊₂, emphasizing they are saturated hydrocarbons. Alkenes have the general formula CₙH₂ₙ, indicating they contain at least one double bond. Alkynes are characterized by the formula CₙH₂ₙ₋₂, highlighting that they possess at least one triple bond.