Which of the following best illustrates the principle of perceptual constancy? People tend to pay attention to things that they agree with and to ignore anything that disagrees with their view of the world. Someone who typically votes for liberal Democratic candidates is not likely to watch Fox News or listen to Rush Limbaugh. If a person has a stomachache or some other temporary physical condition, it is likely to affect his or her perceptions. A prew up in a strongly religious community tends to expect everyone he or she meets to have strong religious values.

Perceptual constancy refers to the ability to perceive objects as stable and unchanging despite variations in sensory input, such as changes in lighting, distance, or angle. This principle ensures that our perception of an object's size, shape, color, or brightness remains consistent even when the actual sensory information changes. Let's evaluate the provided options: 1. **People tend to pay attention to things that they agree with and to ignore anything that disagrees with their view of the world.** - This illustrates **confirmation bias**, where individuals favor information that confirms their preexisting beliefs. 2. **Someone who typically votes for liberal Democratic candidates is not likely to watch Fox News or listen to Rush Limbaugh.** - This demonstrates **selective exposure**, where individuals prefer media sources that align with their political views. 3. **If a person has a stomachache or some other temporary physical condition, it is likely to affect his or her perceptions.** - This reflects how **physiological states** can influence perception, but it doesn’t specifically address perceptual constancy. 4. **A person who grew up in a strongly religious community tends to expect everyone he or she meets to have strong religious values.** - This is an example of **schema-driven perception**, where existing beliefs and expectations shape how we interpret new information. None of the options directly illustrate **perceptual constancy** as defined in psychology. However, if we were to interpret **perceptual constancy** more broadly as maintaining consistent perceptions or expectations despite varying inputs, option 4 comes closest. It shows how a consistent belief system influences the perception of others, maintaining a stable expectation despite encountering diverse individuals. **Best Answer:** A person who grew up in a strongly religious community tends to expect everyone he or she meets to have strong religious values.