A pharmaceutical company collects data on the side effects participants report for a drug it is testing. The company finds that the probability of experiencing a headache is 5 percent and the probability of experiencing both a headache and heartburn is 2 percent. If the probability of experiencing a headache or heartburn is 8 percent, what is the probability of experiencing heartburn? 1 percent 5 percent 11 percent 15 percent

To find the probability of experiencing heartburn, we can use the formula for the probability of the union of two events: P(Headache or Heartburn) = P(Headache) + P(Heartburn) - P(Headache and Heartburn). We know that: - P(Headache) = 0.05 (5 percent), - P(Headache and Heartburn) = 0.02 (2 percent), - P(Headache or Heartburn) = 0.08 (8 percent). Plugging in the values, we have: 0.08 = 0.05 + P(Heartburn) - 0.02. Rearranging gives us: P(Heartburn) = 0.08 - 0.05 + 0.02 = 0.05 (or 5 percent). So, the probability of experiencing heartburn is 5 percent.