24 Compound F is formed when a carboxylic acld reacts with another organic compound, X , in the presence of a catalyst Write down the: \( 2.4 .1 \quad \) NAME or FORMULA of the catalyst \( 2.4 .2 \quad \) Type of reaction \( 2.4 .3 \quad \) STRUCTURAL FORMULA of compound \( F \) \( 2.4 .4 \quad \) IUPAC name of compound \( X \)

To address the formation of **Compound F** when a carboxylic acid reacts with another organic compound **X** in the presence of a catalyst, we'll assume the reaction is **esterification**, a common reaction between carboxylic acids and alcohols to form esters. ### 2.4.1 **Name or Formula of the Catalyst** - **Catalyst Name:** Concentrated **Sulfuric Acid** - **Chemical Formula:** **H₂SO₄** **Explanation:** Sulfuric acid is commonly used as a catalyst in esterification reactions to protonate the carbonyl oxygen of the carboxylic acid, making it more susceptible to nucleophilic attack by the alcohol. ### 2.4.2 **Type of Reaction** - **Type of Reaction:** **Esterification** (specifically, **Fischer Esterification**) **Explanation:** Esterification is a condensation reaction where a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol to form an ester and water. The presence of a strong acid catalyst like sulfuric acid facilitates this reaction by removing water and shifting the equilibrium towards ester formation. ### 2.4.3 **Structural Formula of Compound F** Assuming: - **R₁** represents the alkyl group from the carboxylic acid (e.g., CH₃- for methanoic acid). - **R₂** represents the alkyl group from the alcohol (compound **X**). The structural formula of **Compound F** (the ester) is: ``` O || R₁–C–O–R₂ ``` **Example:** If the carboxylic acid is acetic acid (CH₃COOH) and **X** is ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH), Compound F would be ethyl acetate: ``` O || CH₃–C–O–CH₂CH₃ ``` ### 2.4.4 **IUPAC Name of Compound X** - **IUPAC Name of Compound X:** **Alcohol** (specific name depends on the actual structure of **X**) **Explanation:** In the context of esterification, compound **X** is an alcohol. To provide a precise IUPAC name, the specific structure of **X** is necessary. For instance: - If **X** is methanol (CH₃OH), its IUPAC name is **Methanol**. - If **X** is ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH), its IUPAC name is **Ethanol**. **Without specific structural information about Compound X**, it is identified generally as an **alcohol** in IUPAC nomenclature. --- **Summary:** 1. **Catalyst:** Concentrated sulfuric acid (**H₂SO₄**) 2. **Type of Reaction:** Esterification (Fischer esterification) 3. **Structural Formula of Compound F:** ``` O || R₁–C–O–R₂ ``` 4. **IUPAC Name of Compound X:** Alcohol (specific name depends on the particular alcohol used)