What cell type is responsible for the transmission of electrochemical impulses?

Neurons are the primary cell type responsible for the transmission of electrochemical impulses in the body. These specialized cells are fundamental components of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. Neurons communicate through electrical signals called **action potentials**, which travel along their axons. When an action potential reaches the end of an axon, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters, which cross synapses (the gaps between neurons) to transmit the signal to other neurons, muscle cells, or glands. There are several types of neurons, each with specific functions: 1. **Sensory Neurons**: Carry signals from sensory receptors (like those in the skin, eyes, and ears) to the central nervous system. 2. **Motor Neurons**: Transmit signals from the central nervous system to muscles and glands, enabling actions and responses. 3. **Interneurons**: Connect neurons within the central nervous system and are involved in processing and interpreting information. The unique structure of neurons, including their dendrites, cell body, axon, and synaptic terminals, allows them to efficiently transmit information throughout the body, facilitating everything from reflexes to complex cognitive functions. **Summary:** Neurons are the specialized cells that transmit electrochemical impulses throughout the nervous system.