Which of the following are fallacies? Describe how each choice is deceptive. Select all that apply. $$ \square $$ A. The patient is still breathing. He must be still alive. This argument is deceptive because it makes a generalization about people who are breathing. The premise has nothing to do with being a $$ \square $$ B. Society has an obligation to provide health insurance because health care is a right of citizenship. This argument is deceptive because the premise and conclusion essentially say the same ti $$ \square $$ C. I placed the quartz crystal on my forehead, and in five minutes my headache was gone. The crystal made my headache go away. This argument is deceptive because it claims that because thing happened before another, the first event caused the second event, but it doesn't prove that there is any connection between the two events. $$ \square $$ D. Company A makes the best pickup trucks in the world. More people drive Company A pickups than any other light truck. This argument is deceptive because the fact that a large number of people buy Company A pickup trucks does not necessarily mean that they are the best trucks.

Question

UpStudy AI · Accepted Answer

All of the options **A, B, C, and D** contain fallacies. Below is a breakdown of each choice, the type of fallacy it represents, and how it is deceptive:

---

### **A. The patient is still breathing. He must be still alive.**

**Fallacy:** **Hasty Generalization**

**Explanation:**  
This argument assumes that because the patient is breathing, he is necessarily alive without considering other factors that might affect his state. While breathing is a common sign of being alive, there are medical conditions (e.g., being in a coma or brain death) where a person might breathe but is not considered alive in the full sense. The argument makes an unwarranted generalization based solely on the presence of breathing.

---

### **B. Society has an obligation to provide health insurance because health care is a right of citizenship.**

**Fallacy:** **Begging the Question (Circular Reasoning)**

**Explanation:**  
This argument is circular because the premise ("health care is a right of citizenship") essentially restates the conclusion ("society has an obligation to provide health insurance") without providing independent support. It assumes what it is trying to prove, offering no external evidence or reasoning to substantiate the claim that health care is inherently a right of citizenship.

---

### **C. I placed the quartz crystal on my forehead, and in five minutes my headache was gone. The crystal made my headache go away.**

**Fallacy:** **Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc (False Cause)**

**Explanation:**  
This argument incorrectly assumes that because one event (placing the quartz crystal on the forehead) occurred before another event (the headache disappearing), the first event caused the second. It overlooks other factors that might have contributed to the headache relief and fails to establish a causal relationship between the two events.

---

### **D. Company A makes the best pickup trucks in the world. More people drive Company A pickups than any other light truck.**

**Fallacy:** **Appeal to Popularity (Bandwagon Fallacy)**

**Explanation:**  
This argument suggests that because a large number of people buy Company A pickup trucks, they must be the best. It relies on popularity as evidence of quality, ignoring other factors such as performance, reliability, or customer satisfaction. The number of sales does not inherently prove that the trucks are superior.

---

**Summary:**  
Each option presents a logical fallacy by using flawed reasoning to support its conclusion. Recognizing these fallacies helps in critically evaluating arguments and avoiding deceptive reasoning.
All options A, B, C, and D contain fallacies. Here's how each is deceptive: - **A:** Assumes breathing means alive without considering other possibilities. - **B:** Restates the conclusion as the premise without proof. - **C:** Confuses correlation with causation, assuming the crystal caused the headache to go away. - **D:** Uses popularity to claim superiority without actual evidence. So, all choices are deceptive due to logical errors in reasoning.

Solución de tutoría real

Responder

Solución

Mind Expander

preguntas relacionadas

Latest Social Sciences Questions