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Which of the following provides the correct relationship associated with molar volume at STP?

Ask by Smith George. in the United States
Jan 27,2025

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At STP, one mole of an ideal gas occupies 22.4 liters.

Solución

At Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP), which is defined as 0°C (273.15 K) and 1 atmosphere of pressure, the molar volume of an ideal gas is a foundational concept in chemistry. The relationship can be derived from the Ideal Gas Law: \[ PV = nRT \] Where: - \( P \) = pressure (1 atm at STP) - \( V \) = volume - \( n \) = number of moles (1 mole for molar volume) - \( R \) = ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K) - \( T \) = temperature in Kelvin (273.15 K at STP) Plugging in the values: \[ V = \frac{nRT}{P} = \frac{1 \, \text{mol} \times 0.0821 \, \text{L·atm/mol·K} \times 273.15 \, \text{K}}{1 \, \text{atm}} \approx 22.4 \, \text{L} \] **Therefore, the correct relationship is:** **At STP, one mole of an ideal gas occupies 22.4 liters of volume.**

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Extra Insights

Did you know that at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP), which is defined as 0 degrees Celsius and 1 atmosphere of pressure, one mole of any ideal gas occupies approximately 22.4 liters? This fascinating fact is a cornerstone in chemistry, helping us understand the behavior of gases and making meaningful calculations easier for scientists and engineers alike. When calculating molar volume, remember that real gases don’t always behave perfectly, especially under high pressure or low temperature, where deviations from the ideal gas law occur. Common mistakes include confusing STP with SATP (Standard Ambient Temperature and Pressure) or neglecting to convert units correctly, which can lead to significant errors in your results. Always double-check those conditions!

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