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Practice Problem BUILD Potassium hydroxide and phosphoric acid react to form potassium phosphate and water according to the equation . Determine the starting mass of each reactant if are produced and remain unreacted.

Ask by Conner Howell. in the United States
Jan 23,2025

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Answer

Starting mass of KOH: 44.2 g
Starting mass of H₃PO₄: 115.6 g

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Bonus Knowledge

To find the starting mass of each reactant in the reaction, we can use stoichiometry and the given information. The balanced equation shows that 3 moles of KOH react with 1 mole of H3PO4 to produce 1 mole of K3PO4 and 3 moles of water.
First, we need to determine how many moles of K3PO4 were produced:
  • The molar mass of K3PO4 is approximately .
  • Moles of K3PO4 = .
From the stoichiometry of the balanced equation:
  • To produce 0.262 mol of K3PO4, we need:
    • 0.262 mol = 0.786 mol of KOH.
    • 0.262 mol of H3PO4.
Next, we calculate the mass of KOH and H3PO4:
  • Molar mass of KOH is approximately :
    • Mass of KOH = .
  • Molar mass of H3PO4 is approximately :
    • Moles of H3PO4 needed = (from earlier).
    • Mass of H3PO4 = .
However, it is stated that of H3PO4 remains unreacted. Thus, the starting mass of H3PO4 must be the sum of the reacted amount and the remaining amount:
  • Total mass of H3PO4 = .
In summary:
  • Starting mass of KOH = .
  • Starting mass of H3PO4 = .

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