48) 125 gallons of a mixture contains \( 20 \% \) water. What amount of additional water should be added such that water content be raised to \( 25 \% \) ? A. 813 gallons B. 25 gallons C. 12 gallons D. 152 gallons (2) 49) What compares two measurements of the same kind using the same units? A. 8.333 B. Probability C. Function D. Ratio (2) 50) What are the characteristic of similar polygons? A. Same shape and same sizes B. Same sizes but not necessarily same shape C. Same sizes and corresponding angles D. Same shapes but not necessarily the same size (2) TOTAL: 100 MARKS

To solve the first question about the mixture, we start with the current amount of water, which is \( 20\% \) of \( 125 \) gallons. So, there are \( 25 \) gallons of water in the mixture. To find out how much more water to add to reach \( 25\% \), we set up the equation where \( x \) is the amount of additional water. The new total will be \( 125 + x \) gallons, with \( 25 + x \) gallons of water. Solving the equation \( \frac{25 + x}{125 + x} = 0.25 \), we find that \( x = 25 \) gallons. Moving on to the second question, a ratio is a way to compare two quantities of the same kind. It tells us how much of one item exists relative to another, and it can be expressed in different forms such as fractions, decimals, or percentages. For example, if you have a ratio of \( 8:1 \), it means you have 8 parts of one quantity for every 1 part of another. It’s all about understanding relationships between quantities!