20. (1.3, 1.4; DOK 2) Scholars believe that Indus civilization was a single society rather than a collection of independent city-states because only the largest city had granaries and warehouses. city designs were similar and people shared a standard set of weights and measures. a vast network of roads connected the largest cities with towns throughout the Indus Valley. it maintained a large fleet of ocean-going vessels and had a far-flung trading network.

The remarkable uniformity in city designs, combined with the existence of shared weights and measures, suggests a highly organized society with centralized governance. This indicates that the Indus civilization likely operated under a cohesive administrative structure that facilitated trade, planning, and social order across its vast territory. Such coordination would have been essential for managing resources and sustaining a growing urban population. Additionally, the extensive network of roads connecting major cities and small towns highlights the sophistication of their infrastructure. This not only enabled efficient movement of goods and people but also fostered culture and ideas across the region. The ability to maintain such connections points towards a society that valued communal identity and collaboration, further reinforcing the idea of a unified civilization.