a) \( 1+2+3+4+\ldots \) to 15 terms b) \( 4+8+12 \)
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The sum of the first 15 positive integers can be calculated using the formula \( S_n = \frac{n(n + 1)}{2} \). Plugging in 15 for \( n \), we get \( S_{15} = \frac{15(15 + 1)}{2} = \frac{15 \times 16}{2} = 120 \). So, \( 1 + 2 + 3 + \ldots + 15 = 120 \). For the second sum, \( 4 + 8 + 12 \) can be simplified. Notice that these numbers can be factored out: \( 4(1 + 2 + 3) \). The sum inside the parentheses holds the sum of the first 3 integers, which is \( 1 + 2 + 3 = 6 \). Therefore, \( 4 \times 6 = 24 \). So, \( 4 + 8 + 12 = 24 \).