Answer
**Lithium Nitride (Li₃N) Diagram**
- **Formula:** Li₃N
- **Ions:**
- **Li⁺:** 3 lithium ions, each with a +1 charge.
- **N³⁻:** 1 nitride ion with a -3 charge.
- **Electron Arrangement:**
- Each lithium ion donates one electron (**\( x \)**).
- The nitrogen ion accepts three electrons (**\( o \)**), totaling eight valence electrons.
**Diagram:**
```
Li⁺ Li⁺ Li⁺
x x x
\ | /
\ | /
\ | /
[ N ]³⁻
/ | | | \
o o o o o o o o
```
**Explanation:**
- **Lithium Ions (Li⁺):** Three lithium atoms each donate one electron.
- **Nitride Ion (N³⁻):** Accepts three electrons, forming a stable octet.
This arrangement shows the ionic bonding in lithium nitride, where electrons are transferred from lithium to nitrogen to achieve stable electron configurations.
Solution
Certainly! Below is a textual diagram representing **lithium nitride (Li₃N)**, illustrating the formula, the charges on the ions, and the arrangement of valence electrons around the nitride ion (N³⁻). In this diagram:
- **\( x \)** represents an electron donated from a lithium (Li) atom.
- **\( o \)** represents an electron from a nitrogen (N) atom.
### **Chemical Formula and Ionic Charges**
- **Formula:** Li₃N
- **Ionic Charges:**
- **Lithium ions (Li⁺):** Each lithium atom loses one electron, resulting in a +1 charge.
- **Nitride ion (N³⁻):** The nitrogen atom gains three electrons, resulting in a -3 charge.
### **Electron Donation and Acceptance**
Each of the three lithium atoms donates one electron (\( x \)) to the nitrogen atom. The nitrogen atom initially has five valence electrons (\( o \)) and gains three additional electrons from lithium, achieving a stable octet.
### **Textual Diagram**
```
Li⁺ Li⁺ Li⁺
x x x
\ | /
\ | /
\ | /
[ N ]³⁻
/ | | | \
o o o o o o o o
```
### **Explanation of the Diagram**
1. **Lithium Ions (Li⁺):**
- There are three lithium ions, each represented by **Li⁺**.
- Each lithium ion donates one electron (**\( x \)**), which is shown as coming from each Li⁺.
2. **Nitride Ion (N³⁻):**
- The nitrogen atom is at the center, represented by **[ N ]³⁻**.
- It receives one electron from each of the three lithium ions, totaling three additional electrons.
- The nitrogen ion now has eight valence electrons, represented by the **\( o \)** symbols arranged around it, achieving a stable octet configuration.
### **Valence Electron Arrangement Around Nitride Ion**
The nitrogen ion has an octet of electrons arranged around it to satisfy the electron configuration:
```
o o
\ /
o -- N -- o
/ \
o o
```
In the textual diagram above, the **\( o \)** symbols represent the eight valence electrons surrounding the nitrogen ion, ensuring it has a stable electron configuration after accepting electrons from lithium ions.
### **Summary**
- **Li₃N** consists of three **Li⁺** ions and one **N³⁻** ion.
- Each lithium atom donates one electron to the nitrogen atom.
- The nitrogen ion achieves a stable octet by accepting three electrons, one from each lithium.
This arrangement exemplifies the ionic bonding in lithium nitride, where electron transfer leads to the formation of positively charged lithium ions and a negatively charged nitride ion, resulting in a stable ionic compound.
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