Which of the following ideas is central to the philosophy of Transcendentalism? (A) The belief that individuals should rely on scientific reasoning and logic to solve societal problems. (B) The belief that people can find truth and meaning by looking within themselves and connecting to nature, rather than relying on organized religion or societal norms. (C) The idea that the government should strictly regulate individuals' behavior to maintain order. (D) The belief that society should remain unchanged and resist progress or innovation.

Transcendentalism, which emerged in the early 19th century, is deeply rooted in the concept that individuals can achieve a higher understanding of truth through personal intuition and a profound connection to nature. This philosophical movement was a reaction against the constraints of organized religion and societal expectations, encouraging self-reliance and individualism as a means to spiritual discovery. Real-world examples of Transcendentalism can be seen in the works of authors like Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, who advocated for living in harmony with nature and trusting one’s inner voice. Thoreau's experiment at Walden Pond epitomizes this philosophy, as he sought to explore simple living and self-sufficiency, illustrating a path for individuals to connect deeply with both themselves and the natural world.