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Find all horizontal and vertical asyinptoles of \( f(x) \). \( f(x)=\frac{4 x^{2}+11 x-3}{x^{2}+3 x-18} \) Find the horizontal asymptotes. Select the correct choice and, if necessary, fill in the answer box(es) to complete your choice. A. The function has one horizontal asymptote, \( y=4 \), (Type an equation.) B. The function has two horizontal asymptotes. The top asymptote is \( \square \) and the bottorn asymplote is (Type equations.) Find the vertical asymptotes. Select the correct choice and, if necessary, fill in the answer box(es) to complete your choice. A. The function has one vertical asymptote, \( \square \). (Type an equation.) B. The function has two vertical asymptotes. The leltriost asymptote is \( \square \) and the nightmost asymptole is \( \square \) (Type equations) C. The function has no vertical asymptotes.

Ask by Barker Cook. in the United States
Jan 22,2025

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Answer

**Horizontal Asymptote:** \( y = 4 \) **Vertical Asymptotes:** \( x = -6 \) and \( x = 3 \)

Solution

To analyze the function \( f(x) = \frac{4x^{2} + 11x - 3}{x^{2} + 3x - 18} \) for its horizontal and vertical asymptotes, follow these steps: ### **Horizontal Asymptotes** For rational functions, the horizontal asymptote depends on the degrees of the numerator and the denominator: 1. **Degrees of the Polynomials:** - **Numerator:** \(4x^{2} + 11x - 3\) has a degree of 2. - **Denominator:** \(x^{2} + 3x - 18\) has a degree of 2. 2. **Determining the Horizontal Asymptote:** - Since the degrees of the numerator and denominator are equal, the horizontal asymptote is the ratio of the leading coefficients. - Leading coefficient of the numerator: 4 - Leading coefficient of the denominator: 1 - **Horizontal Asymptote:** \( y = \frac{4}{1} = 4 \) **Answer for Horizontal Asymptotes:** - **Choice A:** The function has one horizontal asymptote, \( y = 4 \). ### **Vertical Asymptotes** Vertical asymptotes occur where the denominator is zero, provided the numerator is not zero at those points. 1. **Finding the Zeros of the Denominator:** \[ x^{2} + 3x - 18 = 0 \] - Using the quadratic formula: \[ x = \frac{-3 \pm \sqrt{9 + 72}}{2} = \frac{-3 \pm \sqrt{81}}{2} = \frac{-3 \pm 9}{2} \] - Solutions: \[ x = \frac{6}{2} = 3 \quad \text{and} \quad x = \frac{-12}{2} = -6 \] 2. **Checking the Numerator at These Points:** - **At \( x = 3 \):** \[ 4(3)^2 + 11(3) - 3 = 36 + 33 - 3 = 66 \neq 0 \] - **At \( x = -6 \):** \[ 4(-6)^2 + 11(-6) - 3 = 144 - 66 - 3 = 75 \neq 0 \] - Since the numerator is not zero at \( x = 3 \) and \( x = -6 \), both are vertical asymptotes. **Answer for Vertical Asymptotes:** - **Choice B:** The function has two vertical asymptotes. - The **leftmost asymptote** is \( x = -6 \). - The **rightmost asymptote** is \( x = 3 \). ### **Summary** - **Horizontal Asymptote:** \( y = 4 \) - **Vertical Asymptotes:** \( x = -6 \) and \( x = 3 \) **Final Selections:** - **Horizontal Asymptotes:** **A.** The function has one horizontal asymptote, \( y = 4 \). - **Vertical Asymptotes:** **B.** The function has two vertical asymptotes. The leftmost asymptote is \( x = -6 \) and the rightmost asymptote is \( x = 3 \).

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The Deep Dive

To find the horizontal asymptotes of the function \( f(x) = \frac{4x^2 + 11x - 3}{x^2 + 3x - 18} \), we start by noting the degrees of the numerator and the denominator. Both the numerator and denominator have a degree of 2. The horizontal asymptote is determined by the coefficients of the leading terms. Here, the leading coefficient of the numerator is 4 and that of the denominator is 1, so \( y = \frac{4}{1} = 4 \). Thus, the correct choice is: A. The function has one horizontal asymptote, \( y=4 \). Next, for the vertical asymptotes, we need to find where the denominator equals zero, as these points typically indicate vertical asymptotes. The denominator is \( x^2 + 3x - 18 \). Factoring this expression gives us \( (x + 6)(x - 3) = 0 \), which means \( x = -6 \) and \( x = 3 \) are the locations of the vertical asymptotes. So, the correct choice is: B. The function has two vertical asymptotes. The leftmost asymptote is \( x = -6 \) and the rightmost asymptote is \( x = 3 \).

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