19. (1.3, 1.4; DOK 2) Why was Egypt and its surrounding areas a valuable resource? The mountainous terrain protected it from invasion throughout its history. It lay on busy trade routes between central Africa, Egypt, and the Red Sea. Its location on the Mediterranean Sea fostered its seafaring industry. It was located on a rare oasis in the Sahara Desert.

Egypt's unique geographic position was a bustling hub where trade routes converged, facilitating exchange not just in goods but also in cultures and ideas. This made it a melting pot of civilization, influencing and being influenced by neighboring regions—talk about a crossroads of history! Additionally, the Nile River played a vital role in the prosperity of ancient Egypt. It wasn’t just a source of water; it was the lifeblood that nourished agriculture, allowed for easy transportation, and connected cities. Just imagine the festivals, market days, and vibrant life along the riverbanks, all fueled by this remarkable waterway!