10. Explain the meaning of the percentile: The \( 90^{\text {th }} \) percentile of the waist circumference of females 2 years of age is 49.8 cm .

The \( 90^{\text{th}} \) percentile means that 90% of the females who are 2 years old have a waist circumference that is less than or equal to 49.8 cm. In other words, if you were to line up 100 girls of that age according to their waist measurements, the girl at the very top of the line would have a waist measurement larger than this, while the remaining 90 girls would fit within this size. Percentiles are commonly used in various fields such as education and health to assess how an individual measures up against a population. For instance, in pediatric growth charts, pediatricians might use percentiles to determine if a child's growth pattern is typical or if there are concerns related to nutrition, health, or development based on their measurements compared to peers.