Which of the following ideas, clearly visible in the current US Constitution, James Madison bomowed from French theorist Montesquieu? Al chaces are correct Federalism Checks and balances

James Madison borrowed the concept of checks and balances from Montesquieu's ideas in "The Spirit of the Laws," where he stressed the importance of separating governmental powers to prevent any single branch from becoming too powerful. This foundational idea is clearly visible in the U.S. Constitution, ensuring that the legislative, executive, and judicial branches can each check the others, maintaining a balance of power. Moreover, the principle of federalism, which divides power between the national and state governments, also finds roots in Montesquieu’s advocacy for the separation of powers. By adopting this framework, Madison aimed to create a government that was robust yet restrained, avoiding the tyranny that might emerge from concentrated power. This careful balancing act is a hallmark of American democracy.