5. If \( f(2)=f(-3)=0 \), use the identity \( f(x) \equiv x^{3}+2 x^{2}+a x+b \) to find the values of \( a \) and \( b \). Hence, the remainder when \( x^{3}+2 x^{2}+a x+b \) is divided by \( x-4 \).
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To find the values of \( a \) and \( b \) given that \( f(2) = 0 \) and \( f(-3) = 0 \), we start by substituting these values into the polynomial function \( f(x) = x^3 + 2x^2 + ax + b \). 1. Substituting \( x = 2 \): \[ f(2) = 2^3 + 2(2^2) + 2a + b = 0 \] \[ 8 + 8 + 2a + b = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad 16 + 2a + b = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad 2a + b = -16 \quad \text{(Equation 1)} \] 2. Substituting \( x = -3 \): \[ f(-3) = (-3)^3 + 2(-3)^2 + (-3)a + b = 0 \] \[ -27 + 2(9) - 3a + b = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad -27 + 18 - 3a + b = 0 \] \[ -9 - 3a + b = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad -3a + b = 9 \quad \text{(Equation 2)} \] Now, we can solve the system of equations (Equation 1 and Equation 2): From Equation 1: \[ b = -16 - 2a \] Substituting this expression for \( b \) into Equation 2: \[ -3a + (-16 - 2a) = 9 \] \[ -3a - 16 - 2a = 9 \] \[ -5a - 16 = 9 \] \[ -5a = 25 \] \[ a = -5 \] Now substituting \( a = -5 \) back into Equation 1 to find \( b \): \[ 2(-5) + b = -16 \] \[ -10 + b = -16 \] \[ b = -6 \] So we have \( a = -5 \) and \( b = -6 \). Next, we need the remainder when \( f(x) = x^3 + 2x^2 - 5x - 6 \) is divided by \( x - 4 \). We can find this by evaluating \( f(4) \): \[ f(4) = 4^3 + 2(4^2) - 5(4) - 6 \] \[ = 64 + 2(16) - 20 - 6 \] \[ = 64 + 32 - 20 - 6 \] \[ = 64 + 32 = 96 - 20 - 6 = 70 \] Thus, the remainder when \( f(x) \) is divided by \( x - 4 \) is \( \boxed{70} \).