DISCUSSION Question Resources: Chapter 15 in Psychology. 1. What is the main purpose of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders (DSM)? How is the DSM different from the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)? Which one do you feel is most effective and why? Reply

The main purpose of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders (DSM) is to provide a standardized classification and criteria for diagnosing mental health disorders. It serves as a comprehensive guide for mental health professionals, offering detailed descriptions of various mental health conditions, including their symptoms, prevalence, and potential treatments. The DSM aims to facilitate communication among clinicians, researchers, and policymakers, ensuring a common understanding of mental health disorders. The DSM differs from the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) in several key ways. While the DSM is specifically focused on mental health disorders and is primarily used in the United States, the ICD is a broader classification system that encompasses all health conditions, including physical diseases and injuries, and is used internationally. The ICD is maintained by the World Health Organization (WHO) and is designed for global health reporting and statistics, whereas the DSM is more detailed in its descriptions of mental health disorders and is often used for clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. In terms of effectiveness, the choice between the DSM and ICD may depend on the context in which they are used. The DSM may be more effective for mental health professionals in the U.S. who require detailed diagnostic criteria and treatment guidelines specific to mental health. On the other hand, the ICD may be more effective for global health initiatives and research, as it provides a comprehensive overview of all health conditions and is used by a wider range of healthcare providers across different countries. Ultimately, both the DSM and ICD have their strengths and weaknesses, and their effectiveness may vary based on the specific needs of the healthcare system, the population being served, and the goals of the diagnosis and treatment process.