Medicine Questions from Jan 20,2025

Browse the Medicine Q&A Archive for Jan 20,2025, featuring a collection of homework questions and answers from this day. Find detailed solutions to enhance your understanding.

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How is myositis different from fibrositis? 4. Why does Hannah's physician think that her cancer has already metastasized? Physical Examination Head, neck, thorax, and abdominal exams were normal, apart from a hard, enlarged, non-tender mass felt in the left axillary region. In addition, a \( 1.6 \times 2.8 \mathrm{~cm} \) mole was noted on the left posterior thoracic region. The lesion had an appearance suggestive of a melanoma. It was surgically excised with 3 mm margins using a local anesthetic and sent to the pathology laboratory for histologic analysis. Pathology Report The pathology report gave the following description of the tissue sample: "Diagnosis: Superficial spreading melanoma with vertical level \( V \) invasion. Coalescent nests of neoplastic cells were noted in the papillary and reticular dermis and in the subcutaneous layer. In addition, large, pink-stained cells with pleomorphic nuclei were found spreading radially through the epidermal layer. Proliferating lymphocytic cells are noted in the dermis surrounding the malignant cells." Follow-Up Hannah is told that she has malignant melanoma and that it may have already metastasized. She is advised that she may need additional surgery to verify that this tumor has metastasized. In 1 or 2 sentences, answer this question to help prepare for the upcoming exam: How does interviewing a healthy patient differ from interviewing a patient with a known health condition? Sonia: After surgery, will my leg hurt more than my wound hurts now? Because of my diabetes, the wound doesnt hurt as much as yoưd expect. But, I wonder if that will change after surgery. You will likely experience pain in your leg, but we can manage your pain with medication. It is not within my role to answer this question, but I will contact the surgeon, whose role it is to answer questions about surgical pain. After the procedure, your leg will feel painful, but your diabetes may decrease the pain you feel. Sonia: I have some questions regarding the risks of this amputation. Fminust wondering if there are any alternatives. Is there any chance that the amputation could just remove below the ankle? Choose the most appropriate option. If we only remove your foot, the ulcer will continue to spread up your leg, so we must remove above the ulcer to completely fix the problem. I will call the surgeon to verify if we can amputate below your ankle. We want to perform a BKA because your ulcer could spread up your leg if it is not completely removed. It is not within my role to answer this question, but I will contact the surgeon, whose role it is to answer questions about surgery alternatives. Review the patient's chest X-ray and electrocardiogram summaries in the Patient Details tab of the EHR. Why are these screenings important to conduct and review before a BKA surgery? Which of these sets of lab values would indicate it is unsafe for the patient to proceed to surgery? Choose the most appropriate option. \( \begin{array}{l}\text { Hemoglobin }=10.5 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{dl} \text {, hematocrit }=32 \%, \operatorname{INR}=1.8 \text {, potassium }=5.4 \mathrm{mmo} / \mathrm{L} \text {, sodium } \mathrm{NA}=130 \\ \mathrm{mmol} / \mathrm{L} \\ \text { Hemoglobin }=15.5 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{dl} \text {, hematocrit }=45 \%, \text { INR }=0.7 \text {, potassium }=3.5 \mathrm{mmol} / \mathrm{L} \text {, sodium } \mathrm{NA}=135 \\ \mathrm{mmol} / \mathrm{L}\end{array} \) \( \begin{array}{l}\text { Hemoglobin }=12.5 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{dll} \text {, hematocrit }=40 \%, \text { INR }=0.3 \text {, potassium }=4.4 \mathrm{mmol} / \mathrm{L} \text {, sodium } \mathrm{NA}=139 \\ \mathrm{mmol} / \mathrm{L}\end{array} \) Which of these sets of values is most significant to determining the patient's readiness for surgery? Red blood cell count, total protein, white blood cell count Hemoglobin and hematocrit, coagulation studies, electrolytes Urine protein, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), bilirubin Review the EHR to evaluate the patient's readiness for surgery. Are there any abnormal values that would prevent the patient from safely undergoing surgery? Choose the most appropriate option. With the information presented here, it is unclear if the patient is ready to safely undergo surgery. No, there are no abnormal values that would prevent the patient from safely undergoing surgery. Yes, there are abnormal values that would prevent the patient from safely undergoing surgery.
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