Making Conclusions
22. If child has an autosomal dominant trait, what can you say about the parents?
23. If two parents have an autosomal dominant tralt, what can you say about their children?
24. If two parents have an autosomal recessive trait, what can you say about their children?
25. If two parents do not have an autosomal recessive trail, what can you say about their children?
26. Can autosomal recessive traits skip generations?

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Let's analyze each question regarding autosomal dominant and recessive traits step by step:

### 22. If a child has an autosomal dominant trait, what can you say about the parents?
- **Conclusion**: At least one parent must have the autosomal dominant trait. This is because an autosomal dominant trait only requires one copy of the dominant allele to be expressed. If the child expresses the trait, it indicates that at least one parent contributed the dominant allele.

### 23. If two parents have an autosomal dominant trait, what can you say about their children?
- **Conclusion**: The children have a 75% chance of expressing the autosomal dominant trait. If both parents are heterozygous (one dominant and one recessive allele), the possible genotypes for the children are:
  - 25% homozygous dominant (AA)
  - 50% heterozygous (Aa)
  - 25% homozygous recessive (aa)
Thus, 75% of the children will express the dominant trait.

### 24. If two parents have an autosomal recessive trait, what can you say about their children?
- **Conclusion**: All children will express the autosomal recessive trait. Since both parents have the recessive trait, they must both be homozygous recessive (aa). Therefore, all offspring will inherit the recessive allele from both parents, resulting in the genotype aa.

### 25. If two parents do not have an autosomal recessive trait, what can you say about their children?
- **Conclusion**: The children may or may not express the autosomal recessive trait. If both parents are homozygous dominant (AA), none of the children will express the trait. However, if both parents are heterozygous (Aa), there is a 25% chance that a child could express the recessive trait (aa). Therefore, the children could be either homozygous dominant (AA), heterozygous (Aa), or homozygous recessive (aa), depending on the parents' genotypes.

### 26. Can autosomal recessive traits skip generations?
- **Conclusion**: Yes, autosomal recessive traits can skip generations. This occurs when two heterozygous parents (carriers) have children. If the trait is recessive, the children may inherit the dominant allele from one parent and the recessive allele from the other, resulting in a phenotype that does not express the trait. If these children later have offspring with another carrier, the recessive trait can reappear in the next generation.

In summary, the inheritance patterns of autosomal dominant and recessive traits can lead to various outcomes for offspring, depending on the genotypes of the parents.
- **22.** If a child has an autosomal dominant trait, at least one parent must also have the trait. - **23.** If both parents have the trait, there's a 75% chance their children will inherit and express it. - **24.** If both parents have the trait, all their children will inherit and express the recessive trait. - **25.** If both parents do not have the trait, their children may or may not inherit it, depending on their genotypes. - **26.** Yes, autosomal recessive traits can skip generations if both parents are carriers but do not express the trait themselves.

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