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  1. Prove that if the set of -vectors is a basis for a vector space , then the set
    is also a basis for , where the are arbitrary nonzero scalars. Interpret
    this geometrically.

Ask by Kelly Little. in Iran
Jan 03,2025

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Answer

If you scale each vector in a basis by a nonzero scalar, the new set of vectors is also a basis for the same space. This means the vectors remain independent and can still span the entire space. Geometrically, scaling stretches or compresses the space along each basis direction without changing the overall structure.

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The Deep Dive

To prove that the set is a basis for the vector space , we first note that the -vectors span and are linearly independent. When we scale each vector by a nonzero scalar , the linear combinations of can produce all vectors that were previously achieved with . This is because any linear combination of the new basis can be expressed as a linear combination of the original vectors by simply dividing by , thus preserving the span. Hence, the set retains linear independence and spans , making it a basis.
Geometrically, scaling vectors does not change their direction (provided the scalar is positive) but alters their length. Imagine your original vectors as arrows in space pointing towards various directions. By multiplying these arrows by nonzero scalars, you’re either stretching or shrinking them but still pointing the same way! Therefore, the new set of arrows still explores the same space, maintaining the original structure and dimensionality of the vector space .

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