Suppose a coumtry's workers can produce 4 pens per bour or 12 pericils perr hoar. If there is no trade, a. the opportunity cost of 1 pen is 3 pencils b. the opportunity cost of 1 pen is $$ 1 / 3 $$ of a pencil c. the opportupity cost of 1 pen is $$ 1 / 4 $$ of a pencil d. the opportunity cost of 1 pen is 4 pencls e. the opportunity cost of 1 pen is 12 penals

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To determine the opportunity cost of producing one pen, we analyze the production possibilities:

- **Pens:** 4 pens per hour
- **Pencils:** 12 pencils per hour

**Opportunity Cost Calculation:**

1. **Time to produce one pen:**
   $$
   \frac{1 \text{ hour}}{4 \text{ pens}} = 0.25 \text{ hours per pen}
   $$

2. **Pencils that could be produced in that time:**
   $$
   12 \text{ pencils/hour} \times 0.25 \text{ hours} = 3 \text{ pencils}
   $$

Thus, the opportunity cost of producing **1 pen** is **3 pencils**.

**Answer:**  
a. the opportunity cost of 1 pen is 3 pencils
The opportunity cost of 1 pen is 3 pencils.

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