Question
According to the endosymbiotic theory of the origin of eukaryotic
(A) golgi apparatus originated from the bacterium Golgella
(B) lysosomes were formed to lyse viral invaders
© Archaean prokaryotes originated from eukaryotic nuclei that left the cells and became independent
(D) mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from invading aerobic and photosynthetic bacteria, respectively
(E) an aerobic bacterium became chloroplasts
(A) golgi apparatus originated from the bacterium Golgella
(B) lysosomes were formed to lyse viral invaders
© Archaean prokaryotes originated from eukaryotic nuclei that left the cells and became independent
(D) mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from invading aerobic and photosynthetic bacteria, respectively
(E) an aerobic bacterium became chloroplasts
Ask by Davies Barker. in the United States
Feb 11,2025
Upstudy AI Solution
Tutor-Verified Answer
Answer
Mitochondria and chloroplasts came from bacteria that were taken inside the cells long ago.
Solution
The correct answer is (D) mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from invading aerobic and photosynthetic bacteria, respectively.
According to the endosymbiotic theory, these organelles were once free-living bacteria that were engulfed by a host cell. Over time, a mutualistic relationship developed, and the engulfed bacteria evolved into permanent organelles within the eukaryotic cell.
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Did you know that the endosymbiotic theory, proposed by Lynn Margulis in the 1960s, suggests that some organelles in eukaryotic cells, like mitochondria and chloroplasts, actually originated from free-living bacteria? These bacteria entered into a symbiotic relationship with ancestral eukaryotic cells, leading to a revolutionary change in cellular function and energy processing!
In today’s world, this theory has significant implications in biotechnology and genetics, as scientists manipulate mitochondria and chloroplasts for bioengineering. For instance, researchers are utilizing chloroplasts in plants to create energy-efficient organisms that can produce biofuels or desired proteins, pushing the boundaries of sustainable technologies!
