In general, which type of succession takes longer, primary or secondary? a. primary succession b. secondary succession \# $$ 10 / 10 $$ $$ $$

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In general, which type of succession takes longer, primary or secondary? a. primary succession b. secondary succession \# $$ 10 / 10 $$ $$ < $$ Prev Next $$ > $$

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**Answer:**  
**a. primary succession**

**Explanation:**  
Primary succession occurs in environments where no soil initially exists, such as on bare rock surfaces after a lava flow or glacier retreat. The process begins with pioneer species like lichens and mosses that help break down the substrate and contribute to soil formation. Over time, as soil develops, more complex plant and animal communities can establish. This gradual buildup of soil and ecosystem complexity means that primary succession typically takes **longer** compared to secondary succession.

In contrast, **secondary succession** happens in areas where a disturbance (like a forest fire or agricultural clearing) has disrupted an existing community but left the soil intact. Since the soil already contains seeds, nutrients, and microorganisms, the recovery and re-establishment of the ecosystem occur more rapidly.

**Summary:**  
Primary succession generally takes longer than secondary succession because it starts from a barren environment without existing soil, requiring more time for soil formation and the establishment of complex communities.
Primary succession takes longer than secondary succession.

In general, which type of succession takes longer, primary or secondary? a. primary succession b. secondary succession \# \( 10 / 10 \) \( < \) Prev Next \( > \)

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