10. Identify the city with each pair of coordinates. a. \( 0^{\circ}, 78^{\circ} \mathrm{W} \) b. \( 51^{\circ} \mathrm{N}, 0^{\circ} \) c. \( 38^{\circ} \mathrm{S}, 145^{\circ} \mathrm{E} \) 11. Estimate the coordinates for each city to the nearest degree. a. Calcutta, India b. Nairobi, Kenya c. New York, New York

### **10. Identify the city with each pair of coordinates.** **a. \( 0^{\circ}, 78^{\circ} \mathrm{W} \)** - **City:** **Quito**, Ecuador - **Explanation:** Quito is located very close to the equator (approximately \( 0.2^{\circ} \) S) and lies near \( 78.5^{\circ} \mathrm{W} \). **b. \( 51^{\circ} \mathrm{N}, 0^{\circ} \)** - **City:** **London**, United Kingdom - **Explanation:** The Prime Meridian (\( 0^{\circ} \) longitude) passes through Greenwich, a district of London, which is situated around \( 51.5^{\circ} \mathrm{N} \). **c. \( 38^{\circ} \mathrm{S}, 145^{\circ} \mathrm{E} \)** - **City:** **Melbourne**, Australia - **Explanation:** Melbourne is located near \( 37.8^{\circ} \mathrm{S} \), \( 144.9^{\circ} \mathrm{E} \), which closely matches the given coordinates. --- ### **11. Estimate the coordinates for each city to the nearest degree.** **a. Calcutta, India (Kolkata)** - **Estimated Coordinates:** **\( 23^{\circ} \mathrm{N}, 88^{\circ} \mathrm{E} \)** - **Explanation:** Kolkata is approximately at \( 22.57^{\circ} \mathrm{N} \), \( 88.36^{\circ} \mathrm{E} \), which rounds to \( 23^{\circ} \mathrm{N}, 88^{\circ} \mathrm{E} \). **b. Nairobi, Kenya** - **Estimated Coordinates:** **\( 1^{\circ} \mathrm{S}, 37^{\circ} \mathrm{E} \)** - **Explanation:** Nairobi is located around \( 1.29^{\circ} \mathrm{S} \), \( 36.82^{\circ} \mathrm{E} \), which rounds to \( 1^{\circ} \mathrm{S}, 37^{\circ} \mathrm{E} \). **c. New York, New York** - **Estimated Coordinates:** **\( 41^{\circ} \mathrm{N}, 74^{\circ} \mathrm{W} \)** - **Explanation:** New York City is approximately at \( 40.71^{\circ} \mathrm{N} \), \( 74.01^{\circ} \mathrm{W} \), which rounds to \( 41^{\circ} \mathrm{N}, 74^{\circ} \mathrm{W} \).