Question
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Evaluate \( \lim _{x \rightarrow 1} \frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}-1} \). If the corresponding limit is infinity, then insert INF in the blank. If the corresponding limit is negative infinity, then insert -INF in the blank. If the corresponding limit does not exist, then insert DNE in the blank. Otherwise, write the number as an integer or a reduced fraction.

Ask by Watson Harper. in the United States
Feb 03,2025

Real Tutor Solution

Tutor-Verified Answer

Answer

The limit is 2.

Solution

To evaluate the limit: \[ \lim_{x \rightarrow 1} \frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}-1} \] We start by observing that as \( x \) approaches 1, both the numerator and the denominator approach 0, resulting in an indeterminate form \( \frac{0}{0} \). To resolve this, we can use algebraic manipulation by rationalizing the denominator. **Step 1: Rationalize the denominator** Multiply the numerator and the denominator by the conjugate of the denominator: \[ \frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}-1} \times \frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+1} = \frac{(x-1)(\sqrt{x}+1)}{x - 1} \] **Step 2: Simplify the expression** Notice that \( x - 1 \) appears in both the numerator and the denominator, and for \( x \neq 1 \), they cancel out: \[ \frac{(x-1)(\sqrt{x}+1)}{x - 1} = \sqrt{x} + 1 \] **Step 3: Evaluate the limit** Now, substitute \( x = 1 \) into the simplified expression: \[ \lim_{x \rightarrow 1} (\sqrt{x} + 1) = \sqrt{1} + 1 = 1 + 1 = 2 \] **Conclusion** The limit is: **2**

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Beyond the Answer

To evaluate the limit \[ \lim_{x \rightarrow 1} \frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}-1}, \] we start by substituting \( x = 1 \). This gives us \[ \frac{1 - 1}{\sqrt{1} - 1} = \frac{0}{0}, \] which is an indeterminate form. Thus, we need to simplify the expression. We can use the identity \( a^2 - b^2 = (a-b)(a+b) \) to simplify the denominator. We rewrite \(\sqrt{x} - 1\) as follows: \[ \sqrt{x} - 1 = \frac{x - 1}{\sqrt{x} + 1}. \] Substituting this back into the limit gives: \[ \lim_{x \rightarrow 1} \frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x} - 1} = \lim_{x \rightarrow 1} \frac{x-1}{\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x} + 1}} = \lim_{x \rightarrow 1} (x-1) \cdot \frac{\sqrt{x} + 1}{x-1}. \] Now, we can cancel \(x-1\) (noting that \(x \neq 1\) in the limit process): \[ \lim_{x \rightarrow 1} \sqrt{x} + 1. \] Now we find this limit: \[ \sqrt{1} + 1 = 1 + 1 = 2. \] Thus, the limit is: \[ \lim_{x \rightarrow 1} \frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x} - 1} = 2. \] Hence, we insert \( \boxed{2} \) in the blank.

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