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Home Question Bank Social Sciences Archive 2024 December 07

Social-sciences Questions from Dec 07,2024

Browse the Social-sciences Q&A Archive for Dec 07,2024, featuring a collection of homework questions and answers from this day. Find detailed solutions to enhance your understanding.

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How might belief in the just-world hypothesis impact one's response to witnessing injustice? It may lead to increased activism to correct perceived injustices. Individuals may blame victims for their misfortunes, believing they must have done something to deserve it. It generally results in a direct intervention to stop the injustice. People will always assume that others will intervene, leading to widespread inaction. How might belief in the just-world hypothesis impact one's response to witnessing injustice? It may lead to increased activism to correct perceived injustices. Individuals may blame victims for their misfortunes, believing they must have done something to deserve it. It generally results in a direct intervention to stop the injustice. People will always assume that others will intervene, leading to widespread inaction. Question 40 (2 points) Question 38 (2 points) What is self-serving bias in the context of social psychology? It is the tendency to see oneself as less biased than other people. It refers to the tendency to attribute one's successes to personal characteristics and failures to external factors. The bias towards serving oneself before assisting others in social situations. It involves maintaining self-esteem by assuming one's behaviors are always correct. How does actor-observer bias manifest differently than the fundamental attribution error? Actor-observer bias is only applicable when judging oneself, not others. It involves attributing others' behaviors to situational factors, but one's own behaviors to personal traits. It includes attributing one's own behaviors to situational factors and others' behaviors to dispositional factors. The bias is less about attributions and more about predicting future behaviors based on past actions. Social psychology differs from personality psychology in that it: Focuses more on individual differences rather than group behavior. Primarily studies biological influences on behavior. Examines how social contexts influence the way individuals behave, think, and feel. lgnores the role of the environment on psychological development. Which of the following issues does positive psychology specifically address? Neurochemical imbalances that lead to mood disorders. Development of cognitive skills in educational settings. emotions, relationships, and experiences. Improving interpersonal communication in dysfunctional family systems. What characterizes the concept of the inferiority complex? It is a condition where a person feels they have superior abilities compared to others. It involves an exaggerated sense of high self-esteem and disregard for others. It refers to a deep sense of inadequacy and not being good enough, often leading to overcompensation in various behaviors. It is a transient feeling of low self-worth that people experience occasionally. Which of the following best describes one of the infant temperaments identified by Thomas and Chess? The 'easy' temperament, where the child is generally calm, happy, and regular in sleeping and eating habits. The 'difficult' temperament, characterized by high levels of intellectual curiosity and problem-solving skills. The 'slow-to-warm-up' temperament, where the child exhibits exceptionally high levels of energy and mood swings. The 'unpredictable' temperament, with no consistent patterns of mood or behavior. What role do reinforcement and punishment play in the behaviorist perspective of personality? They have no significant role as personality is considered a product of cognitive reasoning. They are central to shaping behavior; behaviors followed by positive outcomes are likely to be repeated, while those followed by negative outcomes are not. Reinforcement and punishment only affect temporary states of mind, not long- term personality traits. They are useful for immediate behavior modification but have no long-term effect on personality.
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