Question

Consider the series \( (2 x+2)+(3 x+3)+(4 x+4)+(5 x+5)+\ldots+(30 x+30) \), (1) Determine the number of terms in the series. (2) Calculate the sum of the series in terms of \( x \), (3) For which value of \( n \) is \( S_{n}=2555 x+2555 \) ?

Ask by Craig Black. in South Africa
Feb 03,2025

Real Tutor Solution

Tutor-Verified Answer

Answer

1. There are 29 terms. 2. The sum of the series is \(464x + 464\). 3. The value of \(n\) is 71.

Solution

Let's analyze the series \( (2x + 2) + (3x + 3) + (4x + 4) + \ldots + (30x + 30) \) step by step. ### 1. **Number of Terms** The series starts with \(2x + 2\) and ends with \(30x + 30\). Each term increases both the coefficient of \(x\) and the constant term by 1. - **First term:** \(k = 2\) - **Last term:** \(k = 30\) The number of terms is calculated as: \[ \text{Number of terms} = 30 - 2 + 1 = 29 \] ### 2. **Sum of the Series in Terms of \(x\)** Each term of the series can be expressed as \(kx + k\), where \(k\) ranges from 2 to 30. The sum of the series \(S\) is: \[ S = \sum_{k=2}^{30} (kx + k) \] \[ S = x \sum_{k=2}^{30} k + \sum_{k=2}^{30} k \] \[ S = (x + 1) \sum_{k=2}^{30} k \] First, compute the sum of integers from 2 to 30: \[ \sum_{k=2}^{30} k = \sum_{k=1}^{30} k - 1 = \frac{30 \times 31}{2} - 1 = 465 - 1 = 464 \] Therefore, the sum of the series is: \[ S = (x + 1) \times 464 = 464x + 464 \] ### 3. **Determining \(n\) for \(S_n = 2555x + 2555\)** Assume \(S_n\) represents the sum of the first \(n\) terms of a similar series starting from \(2x + 2\). The general form of the sum is: \[ S_n = (x + 1) \sum_{k=2}^{n} k = (x + 1) \left( \frac{n(n + 1)}{2} - 1 \right) \] \[ S_n = \left( \frac{n(n + 1)}{2} - 1 \right)x + \left( \frac{n(n + 1)}{2} - 1 \right) \] Set \(S_n\) equal to \(2555x + 2555\) and equate the coefficients: \[ \frac{n(n + 1)}{2} - 1 = 2555 \] \[ \frac{n(n + 1)}{2} = 2556 \] \[ n(n + 1) = 5112 \] Solving the quadratic equation: \[ n^2 + n - 5112 = 0 \] \[ n = \frac{-1 \pm \sqrt{1 + 4 \times 5112}}{2} = \frac{-1 \pm 143}{2} \] Taking the positive root: \[ n = \frac{142}{2} = 71 \] ### **Final Answers** 1. **Number of terms:** \(29\) 2. **Sum of the series:** \(464x + 464\) 3. **Value of \(n\):** \(71\) Answer: 1. There are 29 terms; 2. The sum is 464 × x plus 464; 3. The value of n is 71.

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To analyze the given series \( (2 x+2)+(3 x+3)+(4 x+4)+(5 x+5)+\ldots+(30 x+30) \), let's break it down. (1) **Determine the number of terms in the series.** The series starts at \( n=2 \) and ends at \( n=30 \). Therefore, the number of terms can be calculated by the formula for the number of terms in a sequence, which is given by \( \text{last term} - \text{first term} + 1 \). \[ \text{Number of terms} = 30 - 2 + 1 = 29 \] (2) **Calculate the sum of the series in terms of \( x \).** The general term of the series can be expressed as \( n x + n \), where \( n \) ranges from 2 to 30. We can factor out the \( n \): \[ S = \sum_{n=2}^{30} (n x + n) = \sum_{n=2}^{30} n x + \sum_{n=2}^{30} n \] The first part can be factored as \( x \sum_{n=2}^{30} n \) and the second part is the sum of integers from 2 to 30: \[ \sum_{n=2}^{30} n = \frac{30(30+1)}{2} - 1 = 465 - 1 = 464 \] Thus, \[ S = x \sum_{n=2}^{30} n + 464 = x(464) + 464 = 464x + 464 \] (3) **For which value of \( n \) is \( S_{n}=2555 x+2555 \)?** Given \( S_n = 2555x + 2555 \), we can equate our expression to derive: \[ 464x + 464 = 2555x + 2555 \] To isolate \( x \): \[ 464 - 2555 = 2555x - 464x \] \[ -2091 = 2091x \] \[ x = -1 \] Now, to find \( n \), we need to determine how many terms contribute to \( S_n \) such that \( S_n = 2555x + 2555 \) at \( x = -1 \): Substituting \( x = -1 \): \[ S_n = 2555(-1) + 2555 = 0 \] For \( S_n \) to be 0, it must also represent the terms from \( 2 \) to \( n \): \[ S_n = \sum_{k=2}^n (kx + k) = \sum_{k=2}^n k(-1) + \sum_{k=2}^n k = -\sum_{k=2}^n k + \sum_{k=2}^n k = 0, \] This means \( n \) can be any integer between 2 and 30 inclusively, as they all contribute to \( S_n = 0 \) with \( x = -1 \). Thus, the answer is: **For any \( n \) from 2 to 30.**

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