Reid Osborne
09/08/2024 · Middle School

Question B2 The following redox reaction is used in acidic solution in the Breathalyzer test to determine the level of alcohol in tl] blood of drunk drivers: \[ \mathrm{H}^{+}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{Cr}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}^{2-}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \rightarrow \mathrm{Cr}^{3+}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \] a) Identify the elements undergoing changes in oxidation state and indicate the initial and final oxidation numbers for these elements. [5] b) Write and balance the oxidation half-reaction.[6] c) Write and balance the reduction half reaction.[6] d) Combine the half-reactions to produce a balanced redox reaction. [3]

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**a)** - **Chromium (Cr):** Changes from **+6** in \(\mathrm{Cr}_2\mathrm{O}_7^{2-}\) to **+3** in \(\mathrm{Cr}^{3+}\). - **Carbon (C):** Changes from **–1** in ethanol (\(\mathrm{C}_2\mathrm{H}_5\mathrm{OH}\)) to **0** in \(\mathrm{C}_2\mathrm{H}_4\mathrm{O}\). **b)** \[ \mathrm{C}_2\mathrm{H}_5\mathrm{OH} \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_2\mathrm{H}_4\mathrm{O} + 2\mathrm{H}^+ + 2e^- \]

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