Question
8.110. An aqueous solution containing
at
(specific gravity
) is diluted with pure
liquid water at the same temperature. The feed solution volume is 350 mL . The mixing may be
considered adiabatic, and the pressure is constant at 1 atm .
(a) The product solution is to contain
. Calculate the volume ( mL ) of water needed
for the dilution, ideally using a single-dimensional equation.
(b) Use the enthalpy-concentration chart of Figure
to estimate the specific enthalpies
m ) of
the feed solution and the water. Then write an energy balance on this closed system constant-
pressure process and solve it for the specific enthalpy of the product solution. Finally, use
Figure
to verify your calculated value of
and to estimate the product solution
temperature. (See Example
.)
liquid water at the same temperature. The feed solution volume is 350 mL . The mixing may be
considered adiabatic, and the pressure is constant at 1 atm .
(a) The product solution is to contain
for the dilution, ideally using a single-dimensional equation.
(b) Use the enthalpy-concentration chart of Figure
m ) of
the feed solution and the water. Then write an energy balance on this closed system constant-
pressure process and solve it for the specific enthalpy of the product solution. Finally, use
Figure
temperature. (See Example
Ask by Mccoy Long. in Canada
Mar 29,2025
Upstudy AI Solution
Tutor-Verified Answer
Answer
(a) Calcul du volume d’eau nécessaire
Pour obtenir une solution à
, il faut ajouter environ
d’eau.
(b) Bilan énergétique et température du produit
En utilisant le bilan d’énergie, la solution finale a une enthalpie spécifique de
et une température d’environ
.
Solution

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To tackle this problem, let’s start with the dilution part.
To find the volume of water needed for the dilution, we use the mass balance on sulfuric acid. Given the feed solution is 85.0 wt% H₂SO₄, we can first calculate the mass of H₂SO₄ in the 350 mL of solution. The specific gravity of 1.78 tells us the density, which is 1.78 g/mL. Hence, the mass of the feed solution is 350 mL * 1.78 g/mL = 623 g. The mass of H₂SO₄ in this solution is 85.0% of 623 g = 529.55 g. To achieve a final concentration of 30.0 wt% in the product solution, we can set up the equation where the total mass of the product solution is
. Solving this will allow us to find the total mass, from which the mass of water added can be calculated.
Now, for the enthalpy part, you would need the enthalpy-concentration chart mentioned. Assuming we retrieved the specific enthalpy values from the chart, we find the specific enthalpy of both the feed solution and pure water. By applying an energy balance for an adiabatic process at constant pressure, we would use:
Once you have the specific enthalpy of the product, it’s confirmed against the chart for final verification and to examine the temperature of the resulting solution. The chart will give you accurate insight based on concentration which can confirm or adjust your calculations accordingly.