A circle has the equation \( x^{2}+y^{2}+2 x-4 y-11= \) (a) Find the center (h,k) and radius \( r \) of the circle (b) Graph the circle. (c) Find the intercepts, if any, of the graph.
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Let's tackle this step by step. ### (a) Center and Radius Calculation To find the center and radius of the circle given by the equation \( x^{2}+y^{2}+2x-4y-11=0 \), we need to rewrite it in the standard form \( (x-h)^{2} + (y-k)^{2} = r^{2} \). 1. Rearranging the equation: \[ x^{2} + 2x + y^{2} - 4y = 11 \] 2. Completing the square for the \( x \) terms: \[ x^{2} + 2x \rightarrow (x + 1)^{2} - 1 \] 3. Completing the square for the \( y \) terms: \[ y^{2} - 4y \rightarrow (y - 2)^{2} - 4 \] 4. Substituting back, we have: \[ (x + 1)^{2} - 1 + (y - 2)^{2} - 4 = 11 \] Which simplifies to: \[ (x + 1)^{2} + (y - 2)^{2} = 16 \] Thus, the center is \( (-1, 2) \) and the radius \( r \) is \( 4 \) (since \( r^{2} = 16 \Rightarrow r = 4 \)). ### (b) Graphing the Circle To graph the circle with center \( (-1, 2) \) and radius \( 4 \): 1. Start by plotting the center point at \( (-1, 2) \). 2. From the center, move up, down, left, and right \( 4 \) units to plot the points: - Up: \( (-1, 2 + 4) = (-1, 6) \) - Down: \( (-1, 2 - 4) = (-1, -2) \) - Left: \( (-1 - 4, 2) = (-5, 2) \) - Right: \( (-1 + 4, 2) = (3, 2) \) 3. Draw a smooth curve connecting these points to complete the circle. ### (c) Finding Intercepts To find the intercepts, we can set \( x = 0 \) for the y-intercept and \( y = 0 \) for the x-intercept. 1. **Y-intercept:** Plug \( x = 0 \) into the circle's equation: \[ 0^{2} + y^{2} + 2(0) - 4y - 11 = 0 \Rightarrow y^2 - 4y - 11 = 0 \] Using the quadratic formula: \[ y = \frac{4 \pm \sqrt{16 + 44}}{2} = \frac{4 \pm \sqrt{60}}{2} = 2 \pm \sqrt{15} \] Thus, the y-intercepts are \( (0, 2 + \sqrt{15}) \) and \( (0, 2 - \sqrt{15}) \). 2. **X-intercept:** Plug \( y = 0 \) into the equation: \[ x^{2} + 0^{2} + 2x - 4(0) - 11 = 0 \Rightarrow x^2 + 2x - 11 = 0 \] Again using the quadratic formula: \[ x = \frac{-2 \pm \sqrt{4 + 44}}{2} = \frac{-2 \pm \sqrt{48}}{2} = -1 \pm 2\sqrt{3} \] Thus, the x-intercepts are \( (-1 + 2\sqrt{3}, 0) \) and \( (-1 - 2\sqrt{3}, 0) \). Now you have all the information you need! Happy graphing! 🎉