How did the commercialization of agriculture affect India's economy? (6 points) It led to artisans becoming unemployed. It increased famines. Healthcare and education were underdeveloped. It widened income inequality.

The commercialization of agriculture in India had profound effects on its economy, encompassing both positive and negative aspects. Here are the key impacts: 1. **Artisans Becoming Unemployed**: - **Shift in Labor Demand**: As agriculture moved towards cash crops, the traditional demand for artisanal goods related to subsistence farming declined. - **Economic Displacement**: Artisans who relied on supporting agricultural activities found fewer opportunities, leading to unemployment and loss of livelihoods. 2. **Increased Famines**: - **Focus on Cash Crops**: Prioritizing cash crops over food grains reduced the availability of staple foods. - **Vulnerability to Shortages**: This shift made regions more susceptible to food shortages and famines, as agricultural production was geared towards exports rather than local consumption. 3. **Underdeveloped Healthcare and Education**: - **Resource Allocation**: Investments and resources were predominantly directed towards expanding commercial agriculture. - **Neglect of Social Sectors**: As a result, essential sectors like healthcare and education received insufficient funding, hindering overall social development. 4. **Widened Income Inequality**: - **Economic Disparities**: Commercialization benefited large landowners and wealthy farmers who could invest in cash crop production. - **Marginalization of Smallholders**: Small and marginal farmers, lacking the capital to compete, saw limited economic gains, exacerbating income disparities within rural communities. Overall, while the commercialization of agriculture contributed to economic growth and integration into global markets, it also led to significant social and economic challenges, including unemployment among artisans, increased risk of famines, underdevelopment of essential services, and greater income inequality.