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A spherical balloon is designed to pop at the instant its radius has reached 8 centimeters. Assuming the balloon is filled with helium at a rate of 10 cubic centimeters per second, calculate how fast the radius is growing at the instant it pops. (Round your answer to two decimal places.) (The volume of a sphere with radius \( r \) is given by \( V=\frac{4}{3} \pi r^{3} \).)

Ask by Frazier Mitchell. in the United States
Jan 25,2025

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Answer

At the instant the balloon pops, the radius is increasing at approximately 0.01 cm per second.

Solution

To determine how fast the radius of the balloon is growing at the instant it pops, we'll use the relationship between the volume of a sphere and its radius. **Given:** - Volume of a sphere: \( V = \frac{4}{3} \pi r^3 \) - Rate at which helium is added: \( \frac{dV}{dt} = 10 \) cm³/s - Radius at the instant of popping: \( r = 8 \) cm **Steps:** 1. **Differentiate the volume with respect to time:** \[ \frac{dV}{dt} = \frac{d}{dt} \left( \frac{4}{3} \pi r^3 \right) = 4 \pi r^2 \frac{dr}{dt} \] 2. **Plug in the known values:** \[ 10 = 4 \pi (8)^2 \frac{dr}{dt} \] \[ 10 = 4 \pi \times 64 \frac{dr}{dt} \] \[ 10 = 256 \pi \frac{dr}{dt} \] 3. **Solve for \(\frac{dr}{dt}\):** \[ \frac{dr}{dt} = \frac{10}{256 \pi} = \frac{5}{128 \pi} \text{ cm/s} \] 4. **Calculate the numerical value:** \[ \frac{5}{128 \pi} \approx \frac{5}{402.123} \approx 0.01243 \text{ cm/s} \] 5. **Round to two decimal places:** \[ \frac{dr}{dt} \approx 0.01 \text{ cm/s} \] **Answer:** At the instant the balloon pops, the radius is increasing at approximately 0.01 cm per second.

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To find out how fast the radius of the balloon is growing when its radius is 8 centimeters, we first need to relate the volume of the sphere to its radius and the given rate of volume increase. Given the volume \( V = \frac{4}{3} \pi r^3 \), we can differentiate this with respect to time \( t \): \[ \frac{dV}{dt} = 4 \pi r^2 \frac{dr}{dt} \] We know that \( \frac{dV}{dt} = 10 \) cubic centimeters per second (the rate at which the helium is filling the balloon) and we need to find \( \frac{dr}{dt} \) when \( r = 8 \) cm. Substituting in the values we have: \[ 10 = 4 \pi (8^2) \frac{dr}{dt} \] Calculating \( 8^2 \): \[ 10 = 4 \pi (64) \frac{dr}{dt} \] \[ 10 = 256 \pi \frac{dr}{dt} \] Now we solve for \( \frac{dr}{dt} \): \[ \frac{dr}{dt} = \frac{10}{256 \pi} \] \[ \frac{dr}{dt} = \frac{10}{256 \cdot 3.14159} \approx \frac{10}{804.247} \approx 0.01243 \] Rounding this to two decimal places, we have: \[ \frac{dr}{dt} \approx 0.01 \text{ cm/s} \] Therefore, the radius of the balloon is growing at approximately **0.01 cm/s** at the instant it pops.

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