The point \( (4,-91) \) is a stationary point on the graph of \( y=x^{3}-2 x^{2}+a x+c \), where \( c \) is a constant. (i) Show that \( a=-32 \). (ii) Determine the value of \( c \). (iii) Find the coordinates of the other stationary point.
Real Tutor Solution
Answer
Solution
Reviewed and approved by the UpStudy tutoring team
The Deep Dive
To solve for the constants \( a \) and \( c \), and find the coordinates of the other stationary point, we follow these steps: ### (i) Show that \( a = -32 \). First, to find stationary points, we need to differentiate the function \( y = x^3 - 2x^2 + ax + c \). The derivative is: \[ \frac{dy}{dx} = 3x^2 - 4x + a \] At the stationary point \( (4, -91) \), the derivative must equal zero: \[ 3(4)^2 - 4(4) + a = 0 \] \[ 3(16) - 16 + a = 0 \] \[ 48 - 16 + a = 0 \] \[ 32 + a = 0 \] \[ a = -32 \] ### (ii) Determine the value of \( c \). Now we substitute \( x = 4 \) and \( y = -91 \) into the original function to find \( c \): \[ y = 4^3 - 2 \cdot 4^2 + (-32) \cdot 4 + c \] \[ -91 = 64 - 32 - 128 + c \] \[ -91 = -96 + c \] \[ c = -91 + 96 \] \[ c = 5 \] ### (iii) Find the coordinates of the other stationary point. Substituting \( a = -32 \) and \( c = 5 \) back into the original function: \[ y = x^3 - 2x^2 - 32x + 5 \] Setting the derivative equal to zero to find stationary points: \[ 3x^2 - 4x - 32 = 0 \] We can solve this quadratic equation using the quadratic formula where \( A = 3 \), \( B = -4 \), and \( C = -32 \): \[ x = \frac{-B \pm \sqrt{B^2 - 4AC}}{2A} = \frac{4 \pm \sqrt{(-4)^2 - 4 \cdot 3 \cdot (-32)}}{2 \cdot 3} \] \[ = \frac{4 \pm \sqrt{16 + 384}}{6} \] \[ = \frac{4 \pm \sqrt{400}}{6} \] \[ = \frac{4 \pm 20}{6} \] This gives us: \[ x = \frac{24}{6} = 4 \quad \text{and} \quad x = \frac{-16}{6} = -\frac{8}{3} \] We already have the stationary point \( x = 4 \). Now for the other stationary point: Substituting \( x = -\frac{8}{3} \) back into the equation to find \( y \): \[ y = \left(-\frac{8}{3}\right)^3 - 2\left(-\frac{8}{3}\right)^2 - 32\left(-\frac{8}{3}\right) + 5 \] \[ = -\frac{512}{27} - 2 \cdot \frac{64}{9} + \frac{256}{3} + 5 \] Converting everything to a common denominator of 27: \[ = -\frac{512}{27} - \frac{128}{27} + \frac{4320}{27} + \frac{135}{27} \] \[ = -\frac{512 + 128 - 4320 - 135}{27} \] \[ = \frac{4320 + 512 + 128 + 135}{27} = \frac{4900}{27} \] Thus, the coordinates of the other stationary point are: \[ \left(-\frac{8}{3}, \frac{4900}{27}\right) \]