The matrix equation is given as . The first step is to solve the equation for just as in linear equations. Add to both sides of the equation and then divide both sides of the equation by -2 to solve for .
Step 2
Step 3
Perform the scalar multiplication before the addition of matrices. Remember you can multiply a matrix by a scalar by multiplying each entry in the matrix by .
Multiply each entry in by and each entry in by .
We can factor the expression inside the parentheses:
Thus,
Step 2: Compute the Matrices and
The given matrices are:
First, compute :
Next, compute :
Step 3: Add and to Find
Now, add the matrices:
Add corresponding entries element-wise:
For the first row:
For the second row:
So, the matrix is:
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Beyond the Answer
Matrix algebra has a fascinating history, evolving significantly from the ancient Chinese who used matrices to solve systems of linear equations around 200 BC. The development continued with the work of mathematicians like Cramer in the 18th century, who introduced determinants and laid the groundwork for modern linear algebra. Over centuries, matrices became essential in various fields, from physics to economics, proving their worth in solving complex problems.
If you’re diving into matrix equations like the one above, one common mistake is overlooking the importance of maintaining matrix dimensions. Always ensure that the operations you perform make sense dimensionally; for instance, you can’t add or subtract matrices unless they have the same dimensions, and multiplying requires that the number of columns in the first matrix equals the number of rows in the second. So double-check your math dimensions before proceeding—it’ll save you a lot of headaches!