2. Complete: a) \( 8 \times 3=\hat{n} \) b) \( 30 \times 6= \) \( \qquad \) c) \( 12 \times 3= \) \( \qquad \) \[ 7 \times 6= \] \( \qquad \) \( 8 \times 50= \) \( \qquad \) \( 15 \times 4= \) \( \qquad \) \( 9 \times 9= \) \( \qquad \) \( 80 \times 9= \) \( \qquad \) \( 18 \times 5= \) \( \qquad \) d) \( 7 \times \) \( \square \) \( =56 \) \[ 15 x \] \( \square \) \( =45 \) \( \square \) \( =480 \) e) \( 18+3= \) \( \qquad \) f) \( 120+3= \) \( \qquad \) g) \( 45+3= \) \( \qquad \) h) \( 42+ \) \( \square \) \( =7 \) \[ \begin{array}{l} 45+5= \\ 64+8= \end{array} \] \( \qquad \) \( 300+6= \) \( \qquad \) \( 72+12= \) \( \qquad \) \[ 560 \div 1 \] \( \square \) \( =8 \) \( \qquad \) \( 480+8= \) \( 100+4= \) \( \qquad \) \[ 1000+\square=20 \]

The multiplication tables can be traced back to ancient civilizations, including the Babylonians and Egyptians, who used these concepts for trade and tax calculations—imagine the traders of thousands of years ago confidently crunching numbers with their clay tablets! As the centuries passed, this mathematical knowledge evolved, leading us to the standardized multiplication tables we use today, making calculations much simpler and faster. When approaching multiplication problems, it’s beneficial to break them down into smaller parts if they seem daunting. For example, instead of calculating \(8 \times 50\) directly, think of it as \(8 \times 10 \times 5\). Also, double-check your work by using the inverse operation; for instance, if you multiplied \(7 \times 6 = 42\), it's good to verify with division \(42 \div 7 = 6\). Common mistakes often happen when numbers get larger, so take your time and stay organized!