5. Marty has exactly 5 blue pens, 6 black pens, and 4 red pens in his knapsack. If he pulls out one pen at random from his knapsack, what is the probability that the pen is either black or red?

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To find the probability that the pen Marty pulls out is either black or red, we first need to determine the total number of pens he has and the number of pens that are either black or red.

1. **Total number of pens:**
   - Blue pens: 5
   - Black pens: 6
   - Red pens: 4

Total pens = 5 (blue) + 6 (black) + 4 (red) = 15 pens

2. **Number of black or red pens:**
   - Black pens: 6
   - Red pens: 4

Total black or red pens = 6 (black) + 4 (red) = 10 pens

3. **Probability of pulling out a black or red pen:**
   The probability $$ P $$ is given by the formula:

$$
   P(\text{black or red}) = \frac{\text{Number of black or red pens}}{\text{Total number of pens}} = \frac{10}{15}
   $$

4. **Simplifying the fraction:**
   $$
   P(\text{black or red}) = \frac{10 \div 5}{15 \div 5} = \frac{2}{3}
   $$

Thus, the probability that the pen is either black or red is $$ \frac{2}{3} $$.
The probability that the pen is either black or red is $$ \frac{2}{3} $$.

Marty has exactly 5 blue pens, 6 black pens, and
4 red pens in his knapsack. If he pulls out one
pen at random from his knapsack, what is the
probability that the pen is either black or red?

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