Pregunta
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The function
is the graph of
shifted upward by 3 units. The vertical asymptote remains at
, and the horizontal asymptote is now
.
Solución
-
Identify the parent function:
The functionis based on the parent function -
Determine the transformation:
The function has an added constant. In functions, adding a constant outside the function translates the graph vertically. Here, shifts the graph upward by 3 units. -
Conclusion on the transformation:is the graph of
shifted upward by 3 units. - The vertical asymptote remains unchanged at
(because adding a constant does not affect vertical asymptotes). - The horizontal asymptote of
is . After shifting upward by 3 units, the horizontal asymptote becomes
- The vertical asymptote remains unchanged at
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Bonus Knowledge
This equation represents a family of hyperbolas that are translated vertically. When you graph
, you get a classic hyperbola with two branches. By adding 3, you shift the entire graph upwards, making the horizontal asymptote at
. Hence, as
approaches both positive and negative infinity,
will get closer to 3 but never touch it.
In real-world applications, this kind of equation can model various phenomena, such as the relationship between pressure and volume in gases (Boyle’s Law) or the diminishing returns seen in economics, where increasing investment leads to proportionately smaller gains. It’s also seen in many natural processes where one variable inversely affects another.

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