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The general solution to the differential equation is:
where
and
are constants.
Solución
-
Identify the differential equation:We are givenwhere
is a constant. -
Solve the homogeneous part:The homogeneous equation is
-
Form the characteristic equation:
-
Solve for
using the quadratic formula: Since, the roots are -
Therefore, the general solution to the homogeneous equation is given bywhere
and are arbitrary constants.
-
-
Find a particular solution:Since the nonhomogeneous term is the constant
, we assume a particular solution of the form whereis a constant. - Substitute
into the differential equation. Note that - Substitute into the equation:
- Solve for
:
Hence, the particular solution is - Substitute
-
Combine the solutions:The general solution to the nonhomogeneous differential equation is the sum of the homogeneous and particular solutions:
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The Deep Dive
This equation is a second-order linear ordinary differential equation with constant coefficients. It’s reminiscent of equations from physics modeling systems undergoing oscillations or decay. To solve it, you typically find the complementary solution to the homogeneous part,
, and then find a particular solution for the right-hand side
using methods like undetermined coefficients or variation of parameters.
In the complementary solution, solving the characteristic equation
leads to complex roots, which indicates oscillatory behavior. The general solution for the homogeneous equation will involve sine and cosine functions, giving you a taste of the wave-like behavior—just like musical notes—depending on the system’s parameters.

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