4. 4 Ahimals store most of their excess energy reserves as ___ and this is explained because

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Animals store most of their excess energy reserves as **fat (lipids)**. This is explained because fat is highly energy-dense, providing more than twice the energy per gram compared to carbohydrates or proteins. Additionally, fats are hydrophobic and can be stored compactly without attracting water, making them an efficient form of long-term energy storage. This allows animals to maintain energy reserves without significantly increasing body weight or volume, which is advantageous for mobility and survival.

**Key Reasons:**
1. **High Energy Density:** Fats provide approximately 9 kcal per gram, whereas carbohydrates and proteins provide about 4 kcal per gram.
2. **Efficient Storage:** Fats can be stored in adipose tissues with minimal water content, reducing the overall mass and space required.
3. **Long-Term Storage:** Lipids are ideal for long-term energy needs, such as during periods of food scarcity or extended physical activity.

By storing energy as fat, animals can efficiently manage their energy resources to support various physiological functions and survival strategies.

**Answer:**  
They store excess energy as fat (lipids) because fats are highly energy-dense and can be efficiently stored, allowing animals to conserve large amounts of energy in a compact form.
Animals store excess energy as fat because fat is highly energy-dense and can be stored efficiently without adding much weight.

4 Ahimals store most of their excess energy reserves as ___ and this is explained because

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