1.3 The formula used to determine \( C R \) (compression ratio) when combustion and swept volumes are given is: \[ \begin{array}{l}C R=\frac{C V+S V}{S V} \\ C R=\text { compression ratio } \\ C V\end{array} \] \[ \begin{array}{l}\text { Where }=\text { combustion volume }\left(\mathrm{cm}^{3}\right)\end{array} \] Make volume \( \left(\mathrm{cm}^{3}\right) \) \( \begin{array}{l}\text { Hence, calculate the numerical value of } C V \text { if } S V=48 \mathrm{~cm}^{3} \text { and the } \\ \text { Compression ratio is equal to } 9,5: 1 .\end{array} \)

To find the combustion volume \( CV \) when given the swept volume \( SV \) and the compression ratio \( CR \), you can rearrange the formula: \[ CR = \frac{CV + SV}{SV} \] Plugging in the numbers: \[ 9.5 = \frac{CV + 48}{48} \] Now, multiply both sides by \( 48 \): \[ 9.5 \times 48 = CV + 48 \] Calculating \( 9.5 \times 48 \) gives \( 456 \): \[ 456 = CV + 48 \] Subtracting \( 48 \) from both sides provides: \[ CV = 456 - 48 = 408 \, \text{cm}^3 \] So, the combustion volume \( CV \) is \( 408 \, \text{cm}^3 \). For a fun fact, compression ratios can vary widely across different engine types, with high-performance engines often exceeding compression ratios of 11:1 or more. These engines benefit from increased efficiency and power output! Additionally, understanding compression ratios is essential not only in academic settings but also in real-world applications like tuning an engine for better performance. When modifying engines, adjusting the compression ratio can significantly impact fuel efficiency and the overall power of the vehicle.