In peas, yellow seed color is dominant to green seed color . A homozygous green seed pea plant is crossed with
a heterozygous yellow seed pea plant. What is the predicted phenotypic ratio of the offspring based on seed color?
50 percent yellow, 50 percent green
50 percent percent yy
100 percent yellow, 0 percent green
100 percent Yy, 0 percent yy

In this genetic cross, the homozygous green seed plant has the genotype , while the heterozygous yellow seed plant has the genotype . When these plants are crossed, the possible offspring genotypes can be and . This results in a phenotypic ratio of 50% yellow seeds and 50% green seeds, since yellow is dominant over green.

To visualize this, think of it like a party where only two colors of balloons are allowed: yellow and green. The yellow balloon represents the dominant , while the green balloon represents the recessive . When you mix one yellow balloon (heterozygous) with one green balloon (homozygous), half of the “guests” will arrive with yellow balloons and half with green — a perfect 50-50 split!