Wee the equation for photosynthenis to answer guestions 4-13. $$ 6 \mathrm{CO}_{2}+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \Rightarrow \mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{4}+6 \mathrm{O}_{2} $$ 4. The reactants in the equation are $$ \qquad $$ $$ + $$ . $$ \qquad $$ 5. The totai nutntror af atoms in the renctants is $$ \qquad $$ $$ - $$ $$ \qquad $$ 6. What is the tetal mumber of molecules in the rastante? $$ \qquad $$ 7. The total number of elements in the uruducts is $$ \qquad $$ $$ - $$ $$ \qquad $$ 8. The total number of exygen atoms in the groduct is $$ \qquad $$ . $$ \qquad $$ a. This equation is (balanced, not balanced) becaune $$ \qquad $$ 10. What happened to the compounds during the chemical reaction?

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Below is one way to work through the given photosynthesis equation:

6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O → C₃H₁₂O₄ + 6 O₂

Some steps and calculations:

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4. The reactants in the equation are:
  Carbon dioxide (CO₂) and Water (H₂O)

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5. To find the total number of atoms among the reactants, count the atoms in 6 CO₂ and in 6 H₂O.

• For 6 CO₂:
 – Each CO₂ has 1 carbon and 2 oxygen atoms.
 – So, 6 CO₂ has: 6 × (1 C + 2 O) = 6 C + 12 O  (total = 18 atoms)

• For 6 H₂O:
 – Each H₂O has 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen atom.
 – So, 6 H₂O has: 6 × (2 H + 1 O) = 12 H + 6 O  (total = 18 atoms)

• Total atoms in the reactants = 18 (from CO₂) + 18 (from H₂O) = 36 atoms

(One way to “fill in the blanks” might be writing “18 + 18”, indicating 18 atoms from CO₂ and 18 atoms from H₂O, giving 36 total.)

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6. To determine the total number of molecules in the reactants:
 – There are 6 molecules of CO₂ and 6 molecules of H₂O.
 – Total molecules = 6 + 6 = 12 molecules

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7. The question asks for the total number of elements (i.e. different types of atoms) present in the products.
Let’s check the product side:

• The compound C₃H₁₂O₄ contains:
 – Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O)

• The molecule O₂ is oxygen only.
  Even though oxygen appears in two products, the unique elements are still:
  Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O).

• Therefore, there are 3 different elements in the products.

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8. Count the total number of oxygen atoms in the products:

• In C₃H₁₂O₄:
 – There are 4 oxygen atoms.

• In 6 O₂:
 – Each O₂ molecule has 2 oxygen atoms.
 – So, 6 O₂ gives 6 × 2 = 12 oxygen atoms.

• Total oxygen atoms in products = 4 + 12 = 16 oxygen atoms

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9. a. Is this equation balanced?

Examine each element:

• Carbon: 
  – Reactants: 6 CO₂ gives 6 C atoms.
  – Products: C₃H₁₂O₄ gives 3 C atoms.
   (6 ≠ 3)

• Hydrogen:
  – Reactants: 6 H₂O gives 12 H atoms.
  – Products: C₃H₁₂O₄ gives 12 H atoms.
   (12 = 12)

• Oxygen:
  – Reactants: CO₂ provides 12 O and H₂O provides 6 O, total 18 O atoms.
  – Products: C₃H₁₂O₄ provides 4 O and 6 O₂ provides 12 O, total 16 O atoms.
   (18 ≠ 16)

Because the number of carbon and oxygen atoms is different on the two sides, the equation is not balanced.

A good way to “fill in the blank” is:
 “This equation is not balanced because there are 6 carbons on the reactant side but only 3 carbons on the product side, and 18 oxygen atoms on the reactants side but only 16 on the products side.”

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10. What happened to the compounds during the chemical reaction?

During the reaction, the molecules of carbon dioxide and water underwent a chemical change. Their atoms were rearranged to form a carbohydrate (represented here as C₃H₁₂O₄, a compound that stores energy) and oxygen gas (O₂) was released. This process is a simplified version of photosynthesis, where light energy is used by plants to convert carbon dioxide and water into a sugar (energy storage) and oxygen, which is released as a byproduct.

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Summary of Answers:
4. Reactants: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) and Water (H₂O)
5. Total number of atoms in the reactants = 36 (that is, 18 atoms from CO₂ plus 18 from H₂O)
6. Total number of molecules in the reactants = 12 molecules (6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O)
7. Total number of different elements in the products = 3 (C, H, and O)
8. Total number of oxygen atoms in the products = 16 (4 from C₃H₁₂O₄ + 12 from 6 O₂)
9. The equation is not balanced because the numbers of carbon and oxygen atoms differ between the two sides.
10. In the reaction, the original compounds (CO₂ and H₂O) are chemically transformed into a carbohydrate (C₃H₁₂O₄) and oxygen gas (O₂), meaning that bonds are broken and reformed so that the atoms are rearranged into new molecules.

Feel free to ask if you need any further clarification!
4. Reactants: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) and Water (H₂O) 5. Total atoms in reactants: 36 6. Total molecules in reactants: 12 7. Total elements in products: 3 (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen) 8. Total oxygen atoms in products: 16 9. The equation is not balanced because there are 6 carbons and 18 oxygen atoms on the reactant side, but only 3 carbons and 16 oxygen atoms on the product side. 10. During the reaction, carbon dioxide and water were transformed into a carbohydrate and oxygen gas.

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