xi. The synthesis of which of the following polymers require the loss of water molecules on a
regular basis? (a) Polythene (b) Buma-N © Nylon-6,6 (d) Buna-S
xii. The chemical added to detect leakage from LPG cylinder is (a) TEL (b) iso-octane
© iso-butane (d) ethyl mercaptan
xiii. The amount of electricity required to produce 12 gm of at respective electrode from
acidulated water is- (a) 1 F (b) 2 F © 1.5 F (d) 0.5 F
xiv. Oxidation number of O in is (a) -2 (b) +2 © -1 (d) +1
xv. Octane number of petrol is calculated considering the percentage of (a) Isoprene (b) iso-octane
© n-hexadecane (d) iso-butane.

Ask by Patel Ruiz. in India

Jan 22,2025

Question

xi. The synthesis of which of the following polymers require the loss of water molecules on a
regular basis? (a) Polythene (b) Buma-N © Nylon-6,6 (d) Buna-S
xii. The chemical added to detect leakage from LPG cylinder is (a) TEL (b) iso-octane
© iso-butane (d) ethyl mercaptan
xiii. The amount of electricity required to produce 12 gm of at respective electrode from
acidulated water is- (a) 1 F (b) 2 F © 1.5 F (d) 0.5 F
xiv. Oxidation number of O in is (a) -2 (b) +2 © -1 (d) +1
xv. Octane number of petrol is calculated considering the percentage of (a) Isoprene (b) iso-octane
© n-hexadecane (d) iso-butane.

Ask by Patel Ruiz. in India

Jan 22,2025

UpStudy AI · Accepted Answer

Sure, let's address each of your questions one by one:

---

### **xi. The synthesis of which of the following polymers require the loss of water molecules on a regular basis?**

- **Options:**
  - (a) Polythene
  - (b) Buna-N
  - (c) Nylon-6,6
  - (d) Buna-S

**Answer:** **(c) Nylon-6,6**

**Explanation:**
Nylon-6,6 is synthesized through a **condensation polymerization** process, where hexamethylenediamine reacts with adipic acid, releasing water molecules as a byproduct. This type of polymerization typically involves the loss of small molecules like water or methanol.

In contrast:
- **Polythene** is produced via **addition polymerization**, which doesn't involve the loss of water.
- **Buna-N** and **Buna-S** are types of synthetic rubber produced through the polymerization of butadiene with acrylonitrile or styrene, respectively. These processes are also **addition polymerizations** and do not release water.

---

### **xii. The chemical added to detect leakage from LPG cylinder is**

- **Options:**
  - (a) TEL
  - (b) iso-octane
  - (c) iso-butane
  - (d) ethyl mercaptan

**Answer:** **(d) Ethyl mercaptan**

**Explanation:**
**Ethyl mercaptan** is commonly added to LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) because it has a strong, unpleasant odor. This makes it easier to detect gas leaks, ensuring safety.

---

### **xiii. The amount of electricity required to produce 12 gm of $$ \mathrm{O}_{2} $$ at respective electrode from acidulated water is**

- **Options:**
  - (a) 1 F
  - (b) 2 F
  - (c) 1.5 F
  - (d) 0.5 F

**Answer:** **(c) 1.5 F**

**Explanation:**
1. **Calculate moles of $$ \mathrm{O}_{2} $$:**
   $$
   \text{Molar mass of } \mathrm{O}_{2} = 32 \, \text{g/mol} \
   \text{Moles of } \mathrm{O}_{2} = \frac{12 \, \text{g}}{32 \, \text{g/mol}} = 0.375 \, \text{mol}
   $$

2. **Electrolysis of water:**
   $$
   2 \, \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O} \rightarrow 2 \, \mathrm{H}_{2} + \mathrm{O}_{2}
   $$
   For each mole of $$ \mathrm{O}_{2} $$, 4 Faradays (F) of charge are required (since each oxygen atom gains 2 electrons).

3. **Total charge required:**
   $$
   0.375 \, \text{mol} \times 4 \, \text{F/mol} = 1.5 \, \text{F}
   $$

---

### **xiv. Oxidation number of O in $$ \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{2} $$ is**

- **Options:**
  - (a) -2
  - (b) +2
  - (c) -1
  - (d) +1

**Answer:** **(c) -1**

**Explanation:**
In hydrogen peroxide ($$ \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{2} $$), the oxidation state of each oxygen atom is **-1**. This is different from water ($$ \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O} $$), where oxygen has an oxidation state of -2.

---

### **xv. Octane number of petrol is calculated considering the percentage of**

- **Options:**
  - (a) Isoprene
  - (b) iso-octane
  - (c) n-hexadecane
  - (d) iso-butane

**Answer:** **(b) iso-octane**

**Explanation:**
The **octane number** is a measure of a fuel's ability to resist "knocking" during combustion. It is defined using a scale where:
- **Iso-octane** ($$ 2,2,4\text{-Trimethylpentane} $$) is assigned an octane number of **100**.
- **n-Heptane** is assigned an octane number of **0**.

Therefore, the octane rating is determined based on the percentage of iso-octane in the fuel mixture.

---

I hope these explanations help clarify your questions!
- **xi. Nylon-6,6 requires the loss of water molecules during synthesis.** - **xii. Ethyl mercaptan is added to detect LPG leaks.** - **xiii. 1.5 Faradays of electricity are needed to produce 12 grams of $$ \mathrm{O}_{2} $$.** - **xiv. The oxidation number of O in $$ \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{2} $$ is -1.** - **xv. Octane number is based on the percentage of iso-octane in petrol.**

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xi. The synthesis of which of the following polymers require the loss of water molecules on a regular basis?

xii. The chemical added to detect leakage from LPG cylinder is

xiii. The amount of electricity required to produce 12 gm of at respective electrode from acidulated water is

xiv. Oxidation number of O in is

xv. Octane number of petrol is calculated considering the percentage of

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