(5) Express \( Y \) as a percentage of \( X \) in each of the following. (a) \( X=4 \mathrm{~h}, Y=30 \mathrm{~min} \) (b) \( X=3 \ell, Y=120 \mathrm{ml} \) (c) \( X=6 \mathrm{~m}, Y=95 \mathrm{~cm} \) (d) \( X=5 \mathrm{~kg}, Y=75 \mathrm{~g} \)

To express \( Y \) as a percentage of \( X \) in each case, follow these steps: 1. **Convert \( Y \) to the same unit as \( X \) (if necessary).** 2. **Use the formula:** \[ \text{Percentage} = \left( \frac{Y}{X} \right) \times 100\% \] Let's apply this to each part: --- ### (a) \( X = 4 \) hours, \( Y = 30 \) minutes 1. **Convert \( Y \) to hours:** \[ 30 \text{ minutes} = 0.5 \text{ hours} \] 2. **Calculate the percentage:** \[ \left( \frac{0.5}{4} \right) \times 100\% = 12.5\% \] **Answer:** \( Y \) is **12.5%** of \( X \). --- ### (b) \( X = 3 \) liters, \( Y = 120 \) milliliters 1. **Convert \( X \) to milliliters (since \( Y \) is in milliliters):** \[ 3 \text{ liters} = 3000 \text{ milliliters} \] 2. **Calculate the percentage:** \[ \left( \frac{120}{3000} \right) \times 100\% = 4\% \] **Answer:** \( Y \) is **4%** of \( X \). --- ### (c) \( X = 6 \) meters, \( Y = 95 \) centimeters 1. **Convert \( Y \) to meters:** \[ 95 \text{ centimeters} = 0.95 \text{ meters} \] 2. **Calculate the percentage:** \[ \left( \frac{0.95}{6} \right) \times 100\% \approx 15.83\% \] **Answer:** \( Y \) is approximately **15.83%** of \( X \). --- ### (d) \( X = 5 \) kilograms, \( Y = 75 \) grams 1. **Convert \( Y \) to kilograms:** \[ 75 \text{ grams} = 0.075 \text{ kilograms} \] 2. **Calculate the percentage:** \[ \left( \frac{0.075}{5} \right) \times 100\% = 1.5\% \] **Answer:** \( Y \) is **1.5%** of \( X \). --- By following these steps, you can express \( Y \) as a percentage of \( X \) in each scenario.